The city of Liverpool is not alone in having a problem with crime families, drugs and violence - but its most powerful gangsters have long been a subject of fascination for observers in both fiction and real life
And behind many of the men who have brought misery to the city, there are women attracted to the power of its most notorious criminals.
From Curtis Warren in the 1990s to the Huyton Firm of more recent years, Liverpool is sometimes called the 'Naples of the North' due to its links, real and imagined, to organised crime.
The year 2022 was particularly violent, with a schoolgirl and three women all shot dead.
Subsequent court cases heard how Olivia Pratt-Korbel, Ashley Dale and Elle Edwards were all victims of the city's drug wars. Thomas Cashman and his associates are now serving life sentences for the murders.
And as the killers and criminals are brought to justice, courts often hear how behind the gun-toting crime boss is a devoted and loyal wife or girlfriend.
While the so-called 'molls' are often attracted to their partner's financial success, other more complex factors are also at work.
They have grown up in homes where criminality is respected, while ordinary nine-to-five workers are seen as 'victims'.
Prison sentences, threat-to-life notices and negative media coverage just 'go with the territory' of being with a Liverpool gangster.
But the allure of this lifestyle is often danger and power, the partner of a reformed gangster previously told the Mail.
She said: 'Someone who takes the lead and takes charge is attractive and sometimes that bad-boy image makes you feel safe and makes you feel more feminine.'
Many young women risk it all for the respect they receive when they walk into a high-end restaurant such as the San Carlo for a night with their dangerous boyfriend.
These are the women linked to some of the city's most notable criminals.
Kayleeanne Sweeney





Thomas Cashman's partner was condemned by many for her flashy outfits while attending her husband's trial for the murder of Olivia Pratt-Korbel at Manchester Crown Court.
Kayleeanne Sweeney, who supported Cashman despite hearing of his infidelity, often sported expensive pink jackets and shades.
She lived with Cashman in the West Derby area of the city, boosted by his £250,000 per year earnings.
However, 'Cash', as he was known in Liverpool, was far from 'legit'.
He earned his money growing and selling cannabis in the Dovecot area, where he also acted as an enforcer for the godfathers who ran the Huyton Firm.
Meanwhile Kayleeanne cruised to the beauty salon she ran in a £33,000 Land Rover Discovery Sport and enjoyed regular overseas holidays with her gangster partner.
Cashman's drugs business enabled the couple to afford to live in their £450,000 detached house on an upmarket development where residents drive Bentleys and Teslas.
The couple, who have a son aged 14 and a four-year-old daughter, are understood to have paid £2,000 a month for the four-bed rented property from the end of 2021.
In addition, they were renting a luxury two-bed apartment in a block overlooking the River Mersey.
For Kayleeanne the murder trial marked the moment to 'stand by your man' despite the fact Cashman was accused of shooting dead a child in her own home.
Asked in court whether Ms Sweeney knew the source of his wealth – more than seven times the average salary for the area – Cashman said: 'She never asked me, I never told her.'
But he admitted she would have had 'suspicions' that he dealt drugs.
Murdered - then covered in snow
Terri Murray became famous when she claimed that UFC star Conor McGregor was the father of her daughter Clodagh.
The Liverpool mum said she slept with McGregor after meeting the famous fighter in a Liverpool nightclub.
The Dublin-born UFC star was in the city for the 2017 Grand National weekend, and was photographed with a huge entourage.
However, subsequent DNA tests proved that McGregor was not the father. The Irishman always claimed a friend slept with Ms Murray, not him.
But in Liverpool, Ms Murray was already well known in the city's underworld due to her relationship with Karl Bradley.



Bradley, the brother of notorious gangster Kirk, was shot dead during a 'targeted attack' in March 2013.
His body was partially covered by snow when police eventually arrived at the scene.
At the time senior officers admitted the victim was 'known to police' but did not elaborate.
Bradley, whose father Trevor is a convicted drug dealer, appears to have enjoyed an affluent lifestyle and often jetted around the world with his lover.
The source of his income was not clear, although local sources have said he was well known in Liverpool's criminal fraternity.
Police later confirmed that Cashman was questioned over Bradley's death, although he was not charged with the murder.
Local sources suggest Kirk, currently serving a 22-year prison sentence, has vowed revenge.
Rachel and Maria Clarke
Stephen Clarke and his accomplices have a fierce reputation and once ruled Liverpool's clubland with an iron fist.
A muscle-bound kickboxer, Clarke and his younger brother Peter lived like kings in the suburbs of Southport while controlling a labyrinth of criminal enterprises.
The bulk of their cash came from a drug export business to Ireland.
Stephen concentrated on a network of cannabis grows dotted around Southport, while Peter shipped cocaine across the Irish Sea.
The brothers were brought down by a covert police surveillance operation, when a listening device was planted in Stephen's Jaguar.
However, Preston Crown Court also heard how Stephen and Peter's respective partners Rachel and Maria enjoyed the high life funded by the proceeds of crime.




David McLaughlin, prosecuting, told the court how the women bought luxury cars and enjoyed regular holidays to exotic locations such as Dubai, Las Vegas and Florida.
It emerged that Rachel completed a bogus mortgage application when she bought the couple's home in Banks, near Southport.
As Stephen told an associate, 'so it was in her name … in case the f****** bizzies ever take it off me'.
The women also admitted money laundering and were handed suspended prison sentences.
In 2020 Rachel and Maria launched a high-end cosmetics business which was focused on a gym environment. There is no suggestion that this venture was linked to criminality.
Janette Mercer
For many, the murder of Liverpool schoolboy Rhys Jones defined an era when street gangs appeared to have taken over the housing estates of Croxteth and Norris Green.
Rhys, 11, was walking home after playing football with pals when Sean Mercer shot him dead. Mercer was aiming for a rival gang member and hit innocent Rhys by accident.
An epic police operation eventually caught up with Mercer and his associates from the Croxteth Crew.
Months after Judge Henry Globe sentenced Mercer to 22 years in prison, his mum Janette was back before the same judge.
It emerged that she had lied to police about the type of mountain bike her son owned when he fired the fatal shot. She misled police about the colour of the bike, which set back the investigation.
She later admitted lying and was jailed for three years.





In 2023 it emerged that Janette had again lied to police, this time in relation to her younger son Joseph.
The doting mother allowed the yob to live with her while he was wanted for drugs offences by Dorset Police.
It later emerged that Joseph had been living with his mum in the Kirkdale area of Liverpool, and spending time at the trendy Malmaison Hotel on the city's waterfront.
The court heard how Joseph often abused and assaulted his mum while living with her, suggesting she was under significant duress.
Janette dabbed her eyes as she was jailed for nine months.
Kate Stewart
Liverpool's answer to Karen Brady was determined to make something of her life after leaving school with no qualifications.
Kate Stewart claims to have become a millionaire in her 20s and was soon splurging cash on boutique hotel rooms and jewellery.
The mum-of-four featured on Channel 5's How the Other Half Lives, where she told Ruth Langsford: 'I left school with no qualifications and had a normal, dead-end job paying £2.50 an hour.
'Everyone wrote me off and I thought "no" and came back fighting. That gave me the drive to achieve.'
The businesswoman started out managing a market in north Liverpool, before taking over a successful leisure complex near Anfield stadium.


Today Kate has over 80,000 followers on Instagram, where she posts content which captures her busy social life partying with the likes of Wayne Lineker.
However, Kate has chosen not to speak about her rocky relationship with her former husband Graham Stewart, a man with a troubling past.
Stewart, whose real name was Graham Mears, was jailed after a man was set on fire in the 1990s.
Mears was found guilty of threatening to kill the man, but was not linked to the arson attack which killed him.
In the late 90s he was jailed again for a drug offence, this time for nine years.
In 2016 he appeared before Liverpool Magistrates court when he pleaded not guilty to two counts of assault against his wife.
The case was discontinued after Ms Stewart declined to give evidence against her husband.
The court heard she planned to divorce him. A source told the Mail the couple had three children together.
The following year an elite unit set up to target organised crime targeted the Liverpool man, who was at the centre of a complex fraud.
The court heard how Stewart secured advances of £172,500, £88,774 and £100,000 from mortgage lenders for homes in Gateacre, Maghull and Accrington.
There is no suggestion that Ms Stewart's business ventures were linked to her former partner's criminality.
'IRA' machine gun plot
Debbie Dillon arrived at her wedding to John Haase wearing a white dress in a cream Rolls Royce.
Guests had to pass through a wall of chunky bouncers on a summer's evening in 1996 to enter Brougham Terrace Registry Office.
Photographs taken of the happy couple seemed like stills from a Brian De Palma movie, as nervous relatives stared on.
Haase, described by one associate as a 'real life Scarface', had made the successful transition from armed robbery to buying heroin from a Turkish godfather in north London.
However, when Haase and his partner-in-crime Paul Bennett were handed massive prison sentences in the mid-90s, the crime boss found a way to beat the system.
He used contacts on the outside to buy firearms and plant them in dumps across Merseyside. When the time was right Haase reached out to HM Customs, and told them he could lead them to a network of IRA arms dumps in the north-west.
The authorities took the bait, and did the deal, which allowed Haase and Bennett to walk free from prison, 11 months into an 18-year stretch.
When the Daily Mirror sent a reporter up to Liverpool to chat to Haase about his very early release, the Liverpool gangster became agitated.
He kicked out at the journalist as Ms Dillon looked on and giggled. However, it later emerged that Ms Dillon and her best friend Sharon Knowles had helped John pull off the unprecedented plot to pervert the course of justice.
The women left a fake IRA gun haul inside a car parked near the Holyhead-to-Dublin ferry terminal in north Wales.
They made sure to leave Irish newspapers and cigarette butts amongst the haul of machine guns and bullets. Unfortunately the women had left their fingerprints at the scene, which led to the plot unravelling years later.
Ms Dillon was jailed for four years and Haase received a life sentence. He was later released on licence but is now back behind bars for torching a car.
Curtis Warren's prison officer lover
Stephanie Smitwhite was a prison lag at one of the top security prisons when she struck up a sexual relationship with Curtis 'Cocky' Warren.
Drugs kingpin Warren embarked on a criminal career from an early age and eventually became an international drugs trafficker worth tens of millions of pounds.
Eager to exert his authority over Liverpool, he 'taxed' prostitutes and their clients, threatening them with blackmail if they didn't comply.
However, Smithwhite wasn't deterred in engaging in a sexual relationship with the drug lord, who forged links with Colombian criminals, establishing himself as a top player in a nationwide drug dealing network.
While on trial for misconduct in a public office at Durham Crown Court, a jury heard how the HMP Farkland prison officer had cut a hole in the trousers of her prison uniform for a sexual purpose.


It was heard how Smithwhite 'fell in love with the wrong man in the wrong situation' as the court was told how the duo shared hundreds of sexually explicit love letters with one another.
At his request she sent him a picture of herself and admitted kissing him and performing sex acts in his cell, a prison kitchen and a laundry room - and in an interview Smithwhite admitted other sexual encounters.
The disgraced guard was also found with a Zanco 'prison phone' which are often smuggled behind bars - but she denied trying to take the device in for her drug baron lover.
Eventually the duo were rumbled when other prison staff became suspicious, with Smithwhite eventually being caught handing a note to Warren, which he attempted to eat.
Read more here: A teen lottery winner, a vodka boss and Glasgow's Carmela Soprano: Meet the gangsters' molls embroiled in Britain's deadliest gang war